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Which Indian states have the highest student suicide rates? A look at the top risk factors


NEW DELHI: A new report by the non-profit IC3 has shed light on the alarming rise in student suicides in India, revealing that Maharashtra has emerged as the state with the highest number of such incidents. The report, which analyzed data from 2021 and 2022, found that while the overall number of student suicides decreased slightly during this period, the rate of these tragic occurrences has been steadily increasing over the past two decades.List of states with high suicide ratesDespite a marginal decline in the total number of student suicides from 13,089 in 2021 to 13,044 in 2022, Maharashtra maintained its position as the state with the highest number of such cases, accounting for 14 per cent of the total.Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh followed closely behind, with 11 and 10 per cent of student suicides respectively.State2022 SuicidesPercentage of Total (2022)2021 SuicidesPercentage of Total (2021)Maharashtra1,76414%1,83414%Tamil Nadu1,41611%1,24610%Madhya Pradesh1,34010%1,30810%Uttar Pradesh1,0608%-5.30%Jharkhand8246%7165%Karnataka–8557%Odisha–8346%Rising student suicide rates in IndiaWhile the number of student suicides has shown a slight decrease, the overall suicide rate in India, encompassing both students and the general population, has witnessed a significant increase of 4.2 per cent. This rise is particularly concerning as the rate of student suicides has been growing at twice the pace of the overall suicide rate over the past 20 years.Key risk factors behind high suicide ratesThe report also identified several key risk factors that contribute to student suicides in India. Here is a look at them.Academic distress: The pressure to excel academically, coupled with the emphasis on marks and ranks, can lead to significant stress and anxiety among students.Forced career choices: Students often face pressure from family and teachers to pursue specific courses and careers, which may not align with their interests or abilities.Lack of support from educational institutions: Many educational institutions lack the necessary infrastructure and trained personnel to provide adequate guidance and counselling to students.Ragging and bullying: Experiences of ragging and bullying can have a devastating impact on students’ mental health and well-being.Discrimination: Discrimination based on caste, race, sex, or class can contribute to feelings of isolation, rejection, and hopelessness.Financial stress: The high cost of preparatory courses and tertiary education can create financial burdens for students and their families.Changing family structures: The shift towards smaller, nuclear families has led to a decline in support systems and increased loneliness among young people.Emotional neglect: Childhood trauma and abuse can have long-lasting effects on mental health and increase the risk of suicidal ideation.Societal apathy: The stigma associated with mental health conditions and the lack of understanding and support from society can exacerbate feelings of isolation and despair.Undetected psychiatric disorders: Many students may be struggling with undiagnosed mental health conditions due to a lack of communication with teachers, parents, or mentors.Addressing the crisis of student suicidesTo address the growing crisis of student suicides in India, it is essential to implement comprehensive measures that address the underlying risk factors. This includes promoting mental health awareness and providing adequate support services, improving the quality of education, addressing issues of discrimination and bullying, and creating a more supportive and understanding society. By taking a multi-faceted approach, India can hope to reduce the number of student suicides and create a healthier and more compassionate environment for young people.

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